{"id":28036,"date":"2025-08-05T07:00:36","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T04:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/?p=28036"},"modified":"2025-08-04T14:17:15","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T11:17:15","slug":"%d8%b4%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%b4%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/www.enabbaladi.net\/748706\/%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA\/\">https:\/\/www.enabbaladi.net\/748706\/%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/politics\/2025\/5\/23\/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AC-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B6%D9%85%D9%86\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/politics\/2025\/5\/23\/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%AC-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B6%D9%85%D9%86<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0&#8220;\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627.. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u2019\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u2018 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627&#8221;\u060c\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u060c 9 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/politics\/2019\/10\/9\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.net\/politics\/2019\/10\/9\/%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b3%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0623: \u00a0\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0644\u060c 19 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\/%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%82%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D9%84-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\/2616910\">https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9\/%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%82%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D9%84-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\/2616910<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa<\/a> \/<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0Sirwan Kajjo, Which Syrian Groups Are Involved in Turkey\u2019s Syria Offensive?, VOA, 09 October 2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/extremism-watch_which-syrian-groups-are-involved-turkeys-syria-offensive\/6177353.html\">https:\/\/www.voanews.com\/a\/extremism-watch_which-syrian-groups-are-involved-turkeys-syria-offensive\/6177353.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Turkey\u2019s Operation Peace Spring in northern Syria: One month on, Aljazeera, 08 Novembr 2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2019\/11\/8\/turkeys-operation-peace-spring-in-northern-syria-one-month-on\">https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2019\/11\/8\/turkeys-operation-peace-spring-in-northern-syria-one-month-on<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0623\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627&#8221; (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 12 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.refugeesinternational.org\/reports-briefs\/displacement-and-despair-the-turkish-invasion-of-northeast-syria\/\">https:\/\/www.refugeesinternational.org\/reports-briefs\/displacement-and-despair-the-turkish-invasion-of-northeast-syria\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a02019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 31 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633 2023.A\/HRC\/52\/69 <a href=\"https:\/\/documents-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/G23\/010\/22\/PDF\/G2301022.pdf?OpenElement\">https:\/\/documents-dds-ny.un.org\/doc\/UNDOC\/GEN\/G23\/010\/22\/PDF\/G2301022.pdf?OpenElement<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024. <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u00a0\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636\u060c 17 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/\u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov\/briefings-statements\/united-states-turkey-agree-ceasefire-northeast-syria\">https:\/\/trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov\/briefings-statements\/united-states-turkey-agree-ceasefire-northeast-syria<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c BBC news\u060c 29 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 2025\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/arabic\/articles\/cwyp1knn3wno\">https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/arabic\/articles\/cwyp1knn3wno<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> Ozcelik, Burcu, and Serhat Erkmen. Can Turkey Stabilise Syria? Long Read. 13 January 2025.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rusi.org\/explore-our-research\/publications\/commentary\/can-turkey-stabilise-syria#:~:text=The%20Turkish%20defence%20minister%2C%20Yasar,and%20military%20outposts%20including%20Afrin\">https:\/\/www.rusi.org\/explore-our-research\/publications\/commentary\/can-turkey-stabilise-syria#:~:text=The%20Turkish%20defence%20minister%2C%20Yasar,and%20military%20outposts%20including%20Afrin<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> Ibid<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> Heading towards Turkey | \u201cNational Army\u201d factions continue to withdraw from Tal Abyad and Ras Al-Ain. 10 April 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.syriahr.com\/en\/359619\/#:~:text=Al,their%20families%20toward%20Turkish%20territory\">https:\/\/www.syriahr.com\/en\/359619\/#:~:text=Al,their%20families%20toward%20Turkish%20territory<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642- \u201c\u0642\u0633\u062f\u201d.. \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u064613 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.enabbaladi.net\/748706\/%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA\/\">https:\/\/www.enabbaladi.net\/748706\/%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82-%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AF-%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa<\/a> \/<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221;15 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u0631,2025<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221;19 \u0622\u064a\u0627\u0631,2025<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (<a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2F57%2F86&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/HRC\/57\/86<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a 81 \u064882.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\/<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 : &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\/\u060c &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a>\u060c\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> U.S. Department of the Treasury, Treasury Sanctions Syrian Regime Prisons, Officials, and Syrian Armed Group, 28 July 2021\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/home.treasury.gov\/news\/press-releases\/jy0292\">https:\/\/home.treasury.gov\/news\/press-releases\/jy0292<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">U.S. Department of the Treasury, Treasury Sanctions Two Syria-Based Militias Responsible for Serious Human Rights Abuses in Northern Syria, 17 August 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/home.treasury.gov\/news\/press-releases\/jy1699\">https:\/\/home.treasury.gov\/news\/press-releases\/jy1699<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2024. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 : \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (<a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2F45%2F31&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/HRC\/45\/31<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 49<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 11 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2024. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627: &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2024<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a>\u00a0 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 1 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2024<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2024<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 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href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2F45%2F31&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/HRC\/45\/31<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 15 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 50<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a>\u00a0 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c 29 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 (\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: 27 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/report\/2024\/02\/29\/387395#771\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/report\/2024\/02\/29\/387395#771<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> &#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\">[39]<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (<a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2F57%2F86&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/HRC\/57\/86<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2024<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\">[40]<\/a>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 2 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\">[41]<\/a>&#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\">[42]<\/a>&#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\">[43]<\/a> \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 23 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2024.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\">[44]<\/a>&#8220;\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref45\" name=\"_ftn45\">[45]<\/a>&#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref46\" name=\"_ftn46\">[46]<\/a>&#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref47\" name=\"_ftn47\">[47]<\/a>&#8220;\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0644\u060c 25 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2024 <a href=\"https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/\">https:\/\/pel-cw.org\/16468\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref48\" name=\"_ftn48\">[48]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a&#8221;. \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629. 26 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d9%86%d8%a8%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b0%d9%8a%d8%a8-%d9%83%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%b7%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%83\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d9%86%d8%a8%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b0%d9%8a%d8%a8-%d9%83%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%b7%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%83<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref49\" name=\"_ftn49\">[49]<\/a> \u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221;: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\/ \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636&#8221; \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\">https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%88-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref50\" name=\"_ftn50\">[50]<\/a> \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018 (\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: 17 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/ar\/latest\/news\/2018\/08\/syria-turkey-must-stop-serious-violations-by-allied-groups-and-its-own-forces-in-afrin\/\">https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/ar\/latest\/news\/2018\/08\/syria-turkey-must-stop-serious-violations-by-allied-groups-and-its-own-forces-in-afrin\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b: &#8220;\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u060c 3 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2021 (\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637: 17 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2021\/02\/03\/377722\">https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/ar\/news\/2021\/02\/03\/377722<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref51\" name=\"_ftn51\">[51]<\/a> Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Fourth Geneva Convention), 12 August 1949, Art 27-34- 47-78<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref52\" name=\"_ftn52\">[52]<\/a> \u00a0The Geneva Conventions of 1949 &#8211; Art. 2<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref53\" name=\"_ftn53\">[53]<\/a> Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts 2001 &#8211; Art 8<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref54\" name=\"_ftn54\">[54]<\/a> Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907. Art.43.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref55\" name=\"_ftn55\">[55]<\/a> \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref56\" name=\"_ftn56\">[56]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 7 (1) \u060c 13 \u0623\u0630\u0627\u0631 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=21<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">98312<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref57\" name=\"_ftn57\">[57]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 9 \u060c 13 \u0623\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref58\" name=\"_ftn58\">[58]<\/a>\u00a0 Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( 1948) &#8211; Art 17.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref59\" name=\"_ftn59\">[59]<\/a> International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) &#8211; Art 11<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref60\" name=\"_ftn60\">[60]<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 (<a href=\"https:\/\/undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2F77%2F190&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/77\/190<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 19 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632\/\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2020.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref61\" name=\"_ftn61\">[61]<\/a> The Geneva Conventions of 1949. Art.147<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref62\" name=\"_ftn62\">[62]<\/a> The Geneva Conventions of 1949. Art.146<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref63\" name=\"_ftn63\">[63]<\/a>\u00a0 The Rome statute of 1988, Art. 8 (2)(b)(viii).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref64\" name=\"_ftn64\">[64]<\/a> The Rome Statute of 1988, Art. 8 (2)(b)(xvi).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref65\" name=\"_ftn65\">[65]<\/a> ICRC, Customary IHL Database, Rule 52.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref66\" name=\"_ftn66\">[66]<\/a> Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907, Art 46<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref67\" name=\"_ftn67\">[67]<\/a> Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907. Art. 28 and 47.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref68\" name=\"_ftn68\">[68]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 16\u060c 13 \u0623\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref69\" name=\"_ftn69\">[69]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 48 (1) (3) \u060c 13 \u0623\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref70\" name=\"_ftn70\">[70]<\/a>\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u00a0 49\u060c 13 \u0623\u0630\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312\">https:\/\/sana.sy\/?p=2198312<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref71\" name=\"_ftn71\">[71]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.parliament.gov.sy\/arabic\/index.php?node=201&amp;nid=12162&amp;ref=tree&amp;\">http:\/\/www.parliament.gov.sy\/arabic\/index.php?node=201&amp;nid=12162&amp;ref=tree<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref72\" name=\"_ftn72\">[72]<\/a> \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 148 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a: <a href=\"http:\/\/jus.moj.gov.sy\/ar\/node\/574\">http:\/\/jus.moj.gov.sy\/ar\/node\/574<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref73\" name=\"_ftn73\">[73]<\/a> The Geneva Conventions of 1949 &#8211; Art.49<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref74\" name=\"_ftn74\">[74]<\/a> The Rome Statute of 1988, Art. 8 (2)(b)(xiii).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref75\" name=\"_ftn75\">[75]<\/a> The Rome Statute of 1988, Art. 7 (1)(d).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref76\" name=\"_ftn76\">[76]<\/a> International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( 1966) &#8211; Art 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref77\" name=\"_ftn77\">[77]<\/a> United Nations Commission on Human Rights, \u2018Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement\u2019 (1998) UN Doc E\/CN.4\/1998\/53\/Add.2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref78\" name=\"_ftn78\">[78]<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0633-\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.undocs.org\/Home\/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2F47%2F37&amp;Language=E&amp;DeviceType=Desktop&amp;LangRequested=False\">A\/HRC\/47\/37<\/a>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u00a0 21 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2021.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref79\" name=\"_ftn79\">[79]<\/a> International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) &#8211; Art 11<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref80\" name=\"_ftn80\">[80]<\/a> \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a&#8221;\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c 19 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023 <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar\/\">https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/violations-of-property-rights-in-northern-syria-ar<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref81\" name=\"_ftn81\">[81]<\/a> The Rome Statute of 1988, Art. 7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref82\" name=\"_ftn82\">[82]<\/a> United Nations General Assembly, \u2018Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities\u2019 (1992) UNGA Res 47\/135.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref83\" name=\"_ftn83\">[83]<\/a> International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( 1966) &#8211; Art 2 -3<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref84\" name=\"_ftn84\">[84]<\/a> \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 31 \u061b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u060c CCPR \/ C \/ 21 \/ Rev.1 \/ Add.13 \u060c 26 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2004 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 15.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref85\" name=\"_ftn85\">[85]<\/a> \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 31 \u061b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u060c CCPR \/ C \/ 21 \/ Rev.1 \/ Add.13 \u060c 26 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2004 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629. 16-17-18.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref86\" name=\"_ftn86\">[86]<\/a> European Convention on Human Rights, 4 November 1950,Art 13<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref87\" name=\"_ftn87\">[87]<\/a>see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/documents\/thematic-reports\/a77162-sustainable-development-goals-and-transitional-justice-leaving-no\">A\/77\/162<\/a>: Sustainable Development Goals and transitional justice: leaving no victim behind &#8211; Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence, Fabi\u00e1n Salvioli, 14 July , 2022.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28043,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"link","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1431,15],"tags":[488,1753,1681,1329,355,1255,497],"class_list":["post-28036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-link","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1431","category-15","tag-488","tag-1753","tag-1681","tag-1329","tag-355","tag-1255","tag-497","post_format-post-format-link"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a &quot;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&quot; - \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/stj-sy.org\/ar\/%d8%b4%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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